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Polyethylene drop irrigation fittings

Drop irrigation is the slow water diffusion on the surface or under the soil in the form of separate drops, continuous, narrow streams, or fine sprays through droplets that are placed along the water transmission line. Drop irrigation has several methods and concepts such as drop irrigation, underground irrigation, fountain irrigation, and spray irrigation.

Proper design and implementation of this irrigation method can help to achieve all the positive results of drop irrigation. One of the most significant things in implementing the drop irrigation method is to pay attention to drop irrigation fittings, so that water can be delivered optimally from the water source to the plant. Drop irrigation fittings include basic clamps, tees, branch valves, blind pipes, etc., which have the high build quality, complete sealing, easy installation, proper appearance, and ergonomics and have the approvals of the Deputy Minister of Water and Soil of Jihad Keshavarzi and reasonable prices.

Various equipment and parts of drop irrigation

Products required for drop irrigation include polyethylene pipes, irrigation pipes, irrigation tapes, and pipes with droppers. Equipment needed for drop irrigation includes the following cases:

Water source

Pump

Relaxation pool

Cyclone or hydro cyclone filter

Fertilizer tank

Lattice or disc filter to absorb extremely fine particles

Main and secondary pipes

Advantages of using drop irrigation fittings in agriculture

Drop irrigation is the simplest way to irrigate any plant, such as trees and vines, and and eliminates the shortage of soil moisture before occurring higher suction of the effect of water consumption by the plant through evaporation and transpiration. A drop irrigation system has unique agronomic, agrotechnical and economic advantages using efficiently water and labor.

Save on water and costs:

Drop irrigation reduces operating costs and this is a fundamental issue in this new method. Drop systems need less water than other conventional irrigation systems. For example, drop irrigation uses only half of the water required for sprinkler or surface irrigation in the farms of young trees. Increasing the age of trees reduces water saving with drop systems. Many gardeners pay attention to use drop irrigation due to the scarcity and high cost of water and it is possible to reduce labor cost for irrigation because it is enough to adjust the water distribution and operate the system in a drop system.

Easier field operations:

Drop irrigation does not wet most parts of soil surfaces, hence, weed growth is reduced. Consequently, labor costs and chemicals are reduced in order to control weeds. Furthermore, drop irritation does not highly make wet the soil, hence, it is possible to continue other farming operations in the orchards without interruption. For example, the farms on which workers walk remain comparatively dry and firm in the row plants.

It is possible to inject fertilizers into irrigation water, which does not require labor to spread them on the ground. To this end, there are highly soluble fertilizers in the market and their new types have enables farmers to expand the composts through the drop systems. The efficiency of using fertilizer has been increased because of more control over the location and time of fertilizer expansion using the drop system.

Using saline water:

Repeated irrigations keep the soil moistened to a degree that it does not vary highly between the two states of high wet and dry, and most parts of the soil have enough air. Moistening the soil between irrigations retains the salts in the solution more diluted. Accordingly, it is possible to use water with more salinity in the drop system compared to other irrigation methods.

It is used in rocky soils and steep slopes: it is possible to design drop irrigation systems in order to be used effectively in any type of topography. It will be possible to use drop irrigation effectively in rocky areas, even if the distance between irregular trees and their size is different, because water is spread near to each tree, consequently, the advantages of drop irrigation include:

There are some advantages of drop irrigation fittings that we name them in the following part

The most simplistic way to irrigate plants and trees

Save on irrigation costs

Increasing fertilizer through the drop irrigation system

Keeping soil moisture and diluting solutes available in the soil

Resistant to impact, pressure, and UV

Easy installation without the requirement for advanced instruments.

Types of drop systems

Water is separated in the piping system in drop irrigation and finally, the water is supplied to the plant by an outlet or dropper. The water can be discharged in the form of a bubble or a small stream of water in addition to the droplets. Types of drop irrigation methods are:

Drop irrigation

Underground Irrigation

Fountain irrigation

Spray irrigation

The general operation of drop irrigation system:

Water is distributed from a low-pressure pipe network in a preplanned model in drop irrigation. The instrument to discharge the water into the soil is called a “dropper”. The droppers reduce the pressure in the pipe network and reduce the discharge flow to about liters per hour through a narrow nozzle or a long flow path.

Water flows in the soil profile by capillary and gravity forces after leaving the dropper, therefore, the surface that is moistened by each dropper is restricted by the horizontal water flow-limiting factors. It is possible to perform a one-day irrigation cycle and even less than a day if needed in drop systems.

The droppers are premade separated units for trees and grapevines that are far apart from each other, and are connected to a water transfer line using an additional part commonly known as a “dropper’s sub-pipes or “sub-pipes”.

Some droppers are in the form of spaghetti tubes and have several outlets. This form is to increase the wetting area with a minimum increase in cost. For less permanent row plants such as tomatoes, sugarcane, and strawberries, sub/side tubes and droppers are made together in the form of a single unit that either has holes 9 to 36 inches, such as a two-compartment tube or porous walls that water flows out through them. The sub-pipes are connected to the conventional manifold water transmission line in both types of drop systems.

Types of valves and fittings special for drop irrigation

There are polyethylene drop irrigation valves in 12-, 16-, and 20-mm sizes. There are different types in addition to the variety in the size of these valves, such as:

Tape to tape valve

Tape valve to 16 mm

16 mm to 1.2-inch threads

Initial seal valve to 16 mm

16 mm valve …

An on-off valve is usually needed in drop irrigation on a 16 mm pipeline, a 16 mm drop valve is used for completion depending on the type of use and size of the pipeline.